Episode 11: Sinking-F5
Until now we have discussed one unique dancing fly formations involving exactly 5 flies: Fright-5. In addition, we have seen various formations with free riders, which are composed of 5 flies in total:
- Fright-3 + 2 BF;
- Fright-4 + 1 BF;
- Lifted F-vortex + 2 BF;
- The 4 Elements + 1 FF.
This episode is fully focussed on another 5-fly dancing fly formation: Sinking-F5. It is a unique formation (i.e. there are no free riders), and it involves 5 fireflies moving downwards in quite a slow pace.
The properties of this formation are follows:
- Name:
Sinking-F5
- Composition:
5 FF
- Short loop:
8 phases
- Long loop:
48 phases
- Shift per short loop:
1 Down
Probably the first cave which uses Sinking-F5 intendedly is
Ultimate Firefly Teamwork. Here, a Fright-5 formation is converted to Sinking-F5 by an obstacle on its path.
How does this formation work?
As with many previously discussed formations, also this formation is built around a vortex – actually, two vortices, as you will see soon!
Below picture shows the 8 phases of the short loop of this formation.
Due to the involvement of 5 flies, the story behind this formation has become a little bit more complex, but also a little bit more “dramatic” compared to previously discussed formations.
Phase 1 -5:
The formation starts in a configuration similar to Crawling-B4. Two fireflies (red and blue) are dancing together in a vortex-shape, and another couple of fireflies (green and yellow) are walking around the dancing couple, looking forward to start a nice dance together soon. But… wait a minute! There is a 5th firefly, the purple one, at the bottom side of the group… What is he doing there?
The green/yellow walking partners are not aware of this “bachelor” firefly as he is strategically positioned at the other side of the dancers, intending to distort the plans of both the dancers and the walkers. I will call this firefly the
sneaky single.
During phase 1-5, nothing spectacular happens. The green/yellow walkers, as well as the sneaky single, are simply following their natural path around the dancing couple.
Phase 6:
Now the sneaky single executes his evil plan. He breaks into the vortex at the top-left corner, like in Fright-3. This way, the sneaky single takes over the dance with the red FF. The blue FF is effectively kicked out, and has lost his dancing partner.
The blue FF seems a bit dizzy, not only because of what just happened, but also because he could not move in the usual way. His favourite move to his left is blocked by the sneaky single, while at the same time the way forward is blocked by the green fly. (Notice that the above picture therefore shows
two red traffic signs for the blue FF in phase 6!)
Phase 7:
Because the blue FF could not move either left or forward, the Boulder Dash engine rules specify that the blue FF stays at the same position, facing his direction to his right side. And so it happens: the blue FF twists to its right without moving. This is the first time that we see this rule applied within a dancing fly formation! (By the way, more of such occasions will follow, when we will discuss the more complex formations.)
The purple and red FF are still dancing, and the green and yellow FF are still following their path.
Phase 8:
Did you expect that the green and yellow FF are a strong couple, where both partners are always loyal to each other? Well, surprisingly the green FF has an eye on the fresh new single, the blue FF, as he starts a new dance with this FF, at the same time breaking into the purple/red vortex at the left-bottom corner, similar to Crawling-F4.
Now, out of all 5 flies, the yellow FF is the most unlucky one. The blue FF blocks his way while starting the dance with the green FF. Quite rudely, the yellow FF is pushed aside by his rival. And so the yellow FF, having just lost his partner, and being the only FF who hasn’t danced yet, disappointedly backs down to the sidelines.
Phase 1’:
A new dancing couple has been formed by the green and blue FF. The red and purple FF were drifted apart, and continue in the role of the walking couple. For the yellow FF the time has come to make a fresh new start, as in the new cycle he will fulfil the role of the sneaky single!
So, each FF has a unique role during the short loop of this formation. If I would give all 5 FF a name based on their role, I would come up with the following:
- Red -
the temptress: the sneaky single choses him (her?) as dance partner.
- Blue -
the Casanova: shortly after losing his partner he finds a new one. (In fact he needs only 2 frames for that...!

)
- Green -
the cheater: leaves his (her?) dance partner for another (the Casanova).
- Yellow -
the unlucky one: loses his partner even before the dance…
- Purple -
the sneaky single: speaks for itself!
Interesting to note is that in this formation, two role groups of different size exist. The purple and yellow FF change roles after each short loop. In other words, the unlucky one becomes the sneaky single, while the sneaky single becomes the unlucky one (as punishment for being sneaky?

).
The other group is formed by the red, green and blue FF. So the temptress becomes the cheater, afterwards the Casanova, and finally the temptress again.
This is the first dancing fly formation in this article series which contains role groups of different sizes.
Below picture shows the paths followed by both the purple/yellow group and the red/green/blue group.
As expected, after 2 short loops the FF which starts as the purple FF (sneaky single) has moved exactly 2 positions downward. Also, after 3 short loops the FF starting as the red FF has moved 3 positions downwards.
From this it follows it takes 6 short loops (since 6 is the least common multiple of 2 and 3) until all flies have returned to their original position within the formation. Therefore, the long loop takes 6*8 = 48 phases.
Why does this formation move downwards?
This formation combines the principles of Fright-3 and Crawling-F4. As we have seen above, within one short loop of this formation, the vortex moves two times:
- Between phase 6 and 7, the vortex moves 1 step to the right, à la Fright-3.
- Between phase 8 and 1’, the vortex moves 1 step down-left, à la Crawling-F4.
The net effect of these two moves is that the vortex moves 1 step down. Thereby the whole formation moves 1 step down.
How to launch this formation?
This is not so trivial this time. Given that this formation is built around a vortex, you might expect that sliding 3 fireflies along a specific side of the vortex works. Well, actually it
does work, but the explanation is not so simple as for the smaller vortex-based formations.
Remember that Sinking-F5 combines the break-in-styles of Fright-3 and Crawling-F4. Also remember that the walkers in Fright-3 and Crawling-F4 are reversely timed, w.r.t. the vortex’ two stages. This makes that their natural paths around the vortex are more or less located at the opposite sides of the vortex. Given these differences, while for Sinking-F5 you need both break-in variants combined, it seems not feasible to just slide 3 fireflies along the vortex at a certain side.
Happily, it turns out that Sinking-F5 is still indirectly launched if you slide 3 FF, coming from the right, over the top side of the vortex, as shown by
this video.
Here is in short what happens:
- The 3 FF (call them A, B, C) move to the left, over the top side of the vortex, while the vortex keeps spinning as usual.
- When all 3 FF have reached the left side of the vortex, the first FF (A) has already been spinning downwards and breaks into the vortex at the bottom-left side, à la Crawling-F4.
- The FF from the vortex (call them D, E) are drifted apart and A starts a dance with C. B continues walking at the bottom side of the newly created vortex.
- Few frames later, exactly phase 8 of Sinking-F5 is created, with B in the role of sneaky single, a vortex of A/C, and walking couple D/E.
There are other ways to launch Sinking-F5. These methods work in two steps: they start with a simpler formation and let this formation collide with a spinning firefly. If timings are right, the spinning FF is connected to the formations and the group continues as a bigger formation (and mostly in another direction).
This video shows two of such creations of Sinking-F5:
- Crawling-F4, plus 1 spinning FF;
- Fright-4, plus 1 spinning FF.
Both these methods trigger a configuration as explained above for the clean launch method.
Relations with other dancing formations?
Sinking-F5 does
not form a mirrored pair with a butterfly-counterpart. Phases 6 and 7 contain a conflicting position where row-by-row scanning and column-by-column scanning would give different results. For example, in phase 6 the blue and purple FF compete for the same position. Due to row-by-row scanning the purple “wins” while with column-by-column scanning the blue would “win”.
If you create the mirror image of these two phases in the Construction Kit, you will see that both lead to 5 spinning butterflies. This implies that the condition for a mirrored pair is not satisfied.
Also, Sinking-F5 doesn’t have a p-mirrored counterpart. Phases 6 and 7 are the only phases for which the mirror image doesn’t work. For all others, the mirror image does work in the sense that the next frame equals the mirror image of the next phase. If you test the mirror image of phase 8, for a short while it looks like a 5-BF formation moving to the right, until phase 6 is reached, then the formation breaks. Thus, there is no phase for which the mirror image gives another dancing formations, and therefore Sinking-F5 does not form a p-mirrored pair.
There is, however, a funny relation of a different type. As mentioned at the top of this article, Fright-5 can be converted to Sinking-F5, by letting it collide with a small obstacle. This works very similar to the earlier discussed conversions of Fright-4 to Crawling-F4 and The 4 Elements to Crawling-B4.
This video shows the conversion, together with the other two alternative launch methods of Sinking-F5.
Interesting to note is that the opposite conversion, from Sinking-F5 to Fright-5, is not possible. At least, it is not possible by simple collision with a small object. The problem is that since Sinking-F5 moves down, the vortex will stand still just above the object, while Fright-5 must be created by sliding 3 FF along the bottom of the vortex. In other words, the object blocks a position which must be free to create a Fright-5.
Perhaps, other relations of Sinking-F5 will be discovered in the future when studying the bigger FF formations.
Final note
Although Sinking-F5 does not form a mirrored pair, there exists at least one mirrored pair other than those discussed earlier. This pair will be the topic of a next article!